Tea with Matthew Seah: Lifelong income with the SRS.

Our guest blogger, Matthew Seah, has kindly obliged to elaborate on how funds in our SRS account could be used to provide us with lifelong income:





If we should have much more than $400K ($40K x 10 years) in our SRS accounts by the time we retire at 62, we would have to pay some income tax as we withdraw the funds from our SRS accounts over the next 10 years. 

(For more details on this, see related post at the end of this guest blog.)

In fact, depending on how much we have in our SRS accounts, we might even be taxed at a much higher rate. 







For example, assuming that we amassed $1 million in our SRS accounts, an annual withdrawal of $100K would mean paying $700 in income tax a year.

One way to milk more money from the SRS account is to purchase an annuity which pays us in perpetuity. 

We would withdraw less money on a per year basis but we would have a guaranteed stream of income as we enjoy our retirement.





Using $1 million balance at age 62 as an example, below is what our annual income from SRS and NTUC Classic Annuity would look like:

*Annuity payout is an estimate based on the guaranteed and non-guaranteed payout.

In this particular case, the taxable income is only $21,510 which means a tax of $30.20 per year after the SRS account has closed at age 72.

That doesn't sound so bad, does it?





Related post:
SRS: A brief analysis.

Tea with Matthew Seah: A pâtissier on financial freedom.

Regular readers know that our guest blogger, Matthew Seah, is a good investor but I dare say that none of us knows that he is also an aspiring pâtissier (pronounced "pah-tee-syay"). In this guest blog, Matthew shares with us what the processes used by an investor and a pâtissier have in common:

I have been making tiramisu for years in a very specific order:

1. Separate egg whites from yolk. Make sure yolk is not broken.

2. Beat egg white till firm.

3. Add liquor into egg yolk.

4. Mix mascarpone cheese into yolk mixture, a little at a time.

5. Fold beaten egg white gently into yolk mixture.

.
.
.
.

And the result?

 

Note: I am NOT trying to boast here nor am I promoting my culinary prowess…

Having tasted my healthier choice tiramisu (no additional sugar was added, all the sweetness come from the ingredients alone), my friend wanted to try making one. So I hastily came up with a soft copy of my recipe for him.

Over the weekend, it took him 2 tries to get a good looking tiramisu, but it tasted a bit different from what I made although still delicious.

Having talked through the process, I found some critical mistakes in my recipe such as:

• An alternative is to place the biscuit on the cream, then pour coffee over each biscuit.
  My friend did as per recipe and poured too much coffee in his first tiramisu such that the cake came out wet and soggy.
  My intent was to pour 2-3 tablespoons of coffee over the biscuits.

• 1/4 cup of liquor
  My friend measured ¼ metric cup of rum and the cream turned out runny and the cake reeked of alcohol.
  This is actually an estimate, as typical Singaporeans would say, “agar agar” What I meant was about ¼ of my coffee cup, but it was interpreted as a standard ¼ cup measurement (1 cup = 250 ml).

(Ok, I am a frog in a well for not knowing a standard cup is 250ml… I have cups of all sizes at home and I don’t have a metric measuring cup -.-“)

On a side note, I was lazy once and combined steps 1 – 5 together. I beat the hell out of the mixture, but I never did get the same fluffy texture.

Through these examples, I have learned a valuable lesson which I believe most culinary experts would agree: The quantity is just as important as the order of ingredients.

And since AK blogs about personal finance and food, why not have both in the same guest blog? What am I saying? There is a connection with what I learnt in the kitchen and in personal finance!

You see, just as anyone can make the same tiramisu by following the same recipe, financial freedom can be achieved by anyone too as long as they follow the steps in an orderly fashion.

Regardless of your income, you can attain financial nirvana when you choose to follow the basic steps to financial freedom:

 

1. Get educated.
2. Start saving.
3. Get insured.
4. Invest in income generating assets.
5. Repeat step 4 until financial freedom is reached.

Some of you may disagree and can still be financially successful if you do not stick to this order. However, you certainly increase your odds of success when these steps are followed in proper order.

Some people jump straight to step 4 due to lack of patience, and they usually lose a significant amount of money that may dissuade him/her from investing ever again. 

So, how about following step by step so that you can get more interested in your own personal finance and ultimately achieve financial freedom?

Related posts:
1. Tea with Matthew Seah: Financial freedom.
2. Be a millionaire next door.
3. Free e-books by AK: Financial security.
4. How to be one up on wall street?
5. Tea with The Minimalist: Personal finance & investing.

Tea with Matthew Seah: MSN Money.

SGX have revamped their interface to include some fanciful features for investors. However, I am still not very used to that. MSN Money have also refurbished their website recently to give investors better summaries of companies.

All the key numbers of a company and easy to read charts are provided for investors like me, providing a quick snapshot of a company which is useful before I decide whether to delve deeper into their numbers.

Here are some beautiful screenshots for Mastercard (please click on screenshots to enlarge):

As for companies listed on SGX, MSN Money has also compiled more numbers than SGX although the latter does not have direct access to these (I think). So I guess SGX still has a lot more room for improvement. For now, this will be my preferred choice when screening for potential companies to invest in.

As an example, you can check out Keppel Corp here.

P.S. Matthew Seah does not write about why any company is a good investment choice at any price. Readers should carry out due diligence and verification of information provided themselves. Some other guest blogs by Matthew Seah: 1. Dollar cost averaging and expected returns. 2. POSB Invest Saver Account.
3. Interview with Matthew Seah: Value Investing.

Tea with Matthew Seah: The top 8% of the world's wealthy.

Son : Why are we not rich ?
Dad : Who says we're not rich ?
Dad :Being rich is not about how much you have , but how much you give .
Dad : Somehow when you give, you'll be happier .
Boy: *sulks, and after reflecting*, I wasn’t happy.

Watch this video:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1DUYlHZsZfc

Do you feel like the boy, or the dad?

In Singapore, the circumstance is such that many live from paycheck to paycheck and have no money or worse, they are in debt. These people will be thinking like the boy.

The tax rebate on your taxable income is 2.5 times your donation for the year. This turns out to be an effective tax rate of 40%.

$1 donation / $2.5 income recognized by IRAS = 40%

Whenever you give, you are actually giving at a tax rate of 40%!

Now if you are thinking like this, you definitely won’t be happy as well.

If you can read and understand this, then count your blessings, give and be happy!

Let’s all show some beautiful display of free, gracious generosity.

Related posts:
1. Counting our blessings.
2. An appeal by AK71 for funds.
3. Ways to reduce income tax.
4. Make a donation to help needy students. 
(Added on 8 Oct 15).

Tea with Matthew Seah: Same stock, different results!

Recently I met up with a friend. Naturally being me, as we conversed, we veered more toward talking about investing. As we talk, I found out that this friend of mine had invested in the same US company as I did back in August 2011.

Back then, he had asked me what company I was investing in. At that time Gap Inc (GPS) was falling some 32% from its high of US$23, to below US16. Of course after doing much due diligence, I deemed that GPS was undervalued (I shall spare the fundamental analysis portion), and I told him I just bought GPS and told him the reasons why I think this is a good company to invest in. And without doing due diligence, he bought…

Coincidentally he had bought at the same price as me – US$16.16, although the exchange rate and broker fees might be slightly different. After 2 and a half years, how does each of us fare?

Friend: loss of S$65
Me: sitting with a 100% return of investment, with some 54% of my original shareholdings earning residual dividends + capital gains!

Apparently, right after he invested, the price of GPS went up and down several times. So much so that he could not take the emotional strain and he sold his entire stake in early October, 2013. He didn’t even manage to receive a single dividend during the time he was invested and made a small loss. The chart below shows what happened.

As for me, I have been holding since I bought it till June 2012, when I sold 46% of my shares for a total return of my original investment capital, plus a bit more. My remaining stake has gained some 163% In value and I have also received some dividends every now and then from the company. The chart below gives a pictorial view of what I have described.

Why such a big discrepancy?

I’m sure readers of financial blogs would know that emotions affect one’s decision in investing and trading. Emotions and personality can often get in the way of successful investing. As a result, many people have tendencies to:

1. Buy on tips from other people

2. Buy on a whim

3. Buy the hype

4. Ride a winner till it goes bust

5. Fail to exit a loser

As an investor, we should recognize our own emotional strengths and weakness, and approach investing in a way that is more suitable to our investing style. It is paramount that you know what type of investor you are and not follow other investors blindly. Their investing style might be very different from yours!

Read other guest blogs by Matthew Seah: here.

Tea with Matthew Seah: Thoughts on having a regional common currency (Part 2).

Is a common currency for member nations of ASEAN feasible? Matthew goes through some pertinent points:

Economic development

ASEAN countries have highly diverse economic development stages. According to the International Monetary Fund (2011) Singapore and Brunei, the richest countries in ASEAN, has a GDP (PPP) per capita of $59,936 and $49,517 respectively. In comparison, Myanmar’s GDP (PPP) per capita is a mere 2% of Singapore’s at $1,327. In fact, the sum of GDP (PPP) per capita of the other 8 countries namely, Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, Vietnam, Philippines, Laos, Cambodia, and Myanmar is less than Brunei, at $43,676. 

This degree of diversity in income could make it near impossible to sustain a monetary union amongst ASEAN countries. Just like how the PIIGS of the European Union (EU) is causing the richer nations in the EU to pay for their fiscal incapabilities, the “less fiscally endowed” countries will cause Singapore and Brunei to pay for their debt in the event of an economic shock.

Economic structures and business cycles

The income differentials across countries within ASEAN also reflect the dissimilarities in the economic structures as well as business structures across countries. This could impede relative price movements and production outputs across the countries.  Singapore and Brunei is probably at a peak-contraction transition phases, while countries like Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, the Philippines, and Vietnam are in the expansion phase of the business cycle. Myanmar, Laos, Cambodia are undergoing the trough-expansion transition phases.

The business cycle is affected by the forces of supply and demand. A country that is more exposed to the international market will thus be more affected by the global market. Civil unrest in countries like Laos and Cambodia in recent years have dissuaded investors from investing in them thus creates a void in economic growth, even a decade after the Asian financial crisis in 1997.

Stabilised transfer systems

Due to the differences in business cycles and income differentials, it has proven to be difficult to have a centralised banking system to make transfers of resources across countries. Fiscal irresponsibility also undermine the monetary cooperation of the members within the currency union as witnessed in the EU where Germany has been reluctant in bailing out PIIGS. Much reformation and restructuring in the financial sectors and government policies is required before a common currency could be adopted.

Legal, cultural, and linguistic barriers

South East Asia is home to myriad cultural and linguistic differences. Unlike Singapore which promotes mutual respect and racial harmony, as well as having a common working language (English), the other ASEAN countries have been intolerant to other races and religions as can be seen in Indonesia and Malaysia to say the least. Political unrest also plagues countries like Laos, Cambodia, Myanmar, and Thailand.

It would be a high bar to reach for ASEAN nations to achieve cultural and religious tolerance. Most of the natives of the ASEAN countries also speak a different language across countries. A linguistic barrier would dampen the mobility of workers across countries. Hence, it would be hard for a Thai or Viet to find a job in an MNC in Singapore where the common language is English even if they may be highly skilled.

Yet, if the economic advantages of a regional monetary union are large, it is possible that countries may make political compromises so as to reap the economic benefits. Economic interests may persuade countries to set aside political differences and forge strategically beneficial political alliances. Economic and political integration in the region may span perhaps decades.

Though a common currency area seems improbable now, as the ASEAN nations become more developed, it may then be feasible to create a common currency area in ASEAN.

Related post:
Tea with Matthew Seah: Thoughts on having a regional common currency (Part 1).

Tea with Matthew Seah: Thoughts on having a regional common currency (Part 1).

The Euro is a common currency for members of the European Union. When it was implemented, there was much hype on the new currency. However, over the years, the member nations are in a state of inequality in income, welfare, employment, prices, etc.  Is it really feasible to have a common currency? Should ASEAN have a common currency like the Euro? 


With the integration of our stock exchanges, one might be thinking about whether a common currency is feasible in ASEAN, especially those in the upper echelon within each member country in ASEAN. (I think policy makers in Singapore are probably thinking of integrating, and they are using the European Union as a case study.)

I would go through the pros and the cons of having a common currency. Let’s start with the advantages:

A common currency creates ease of trade and investment among countries under the common currency area. This allows for the facilitation of trading of material goods as well as services, thereby promoting income growth within the region, by the reduction of transaction costs in cross-border trades, removal of exchange rates’ bid-ask spread, and the removal of the exchange rates’ volatility. 

A single currency also implies having a central bank (like that of the European Central Bank). Having a central bank with note-issuing powers provides the necessary liquidity to cater for inter-ASEAN payment using a single currency.

Under a floating exchange rate system, volatility in exchange rates tends to be disproportionately greater than the underlying economic fundamentals of the affected economy. We can see this in the day to day fluctuations in the exchange rates between member countries even though the economy of each country is pretty much the same (just like a business, the underlying fundamentals of a country takes a long time to change, perhaps even longer than individual companies). This volatility creates much uncertainty, which in turn, creates unexpected losses and diminishing returns on investment. As a result, a floating exchange rate system discourages cross-border trade and reduces overall economic growth, especially among small and medium sized enterprises. A common currency can therefore potentially negate the adverse effects of having a floating exchange rate system, where there is no worry of potential losses caused by exchange rate changes.

A common currency area allows factor mobility within the ASEAN region, factors such as labour and capital. As such, individual ASEAN nations can focus on developing their comparative advantage while workers immigrate through the region to countries where the workers feel can develop their niche in specialisation. Wages and price flexibility further improves labour mobility within the region.

With a single currency, a consumer can easily compare prices of a product between countries, creating efficiency in market pricing. Thus a single currency would create a more uniform price within ASEAN and enhances competition among business entities.

Skilled labor and experts in various fields such as pharmaceuticals, petrochemicals, finance etc. can better serve member states and provide their expertise to benefit the region as a whole.

Although there are benefits, there are many challenges and obstacles hampering the integration of a common currency area in ASEAN. It is also not feasible for ASEAN to have a common currency area for now. In order for a common currency area to be successful, the member states must have similar business cycles, economic development and structures, absence of legal, cultural, and linguistic barriers that would limit mobility, wage flexibility, and a stabilised transfer system.

In Part 2, Matthew considers the challenges to having an ASEAN common currency: Part 2.

Related post:
Mr. Lee Kuan Yew on the Eurozone crisis.

Tea with Matthew Seah: Dollar Cost Averaging and expected returns.

Although many have asked questions on which investment account is better, no one has asked about the expected returns from opening these accounts.

I feel that knowing the expected returns is as important as educating readers on the pros and cons of opening an investment account with POSB/OCBC/POEMS.

Thus, I have created a spreadsheet for readers to use:

https://docs.google.com/spreadsheet/ccc?key=0AtcoupwJgDW_dG1FRDRTSmtEcU9JcEliZzFwRFJqa1E






Below are the assumptions made in creating the spread-sheet:

1. Investing commenced since inception of STI ETF (ES3).

2. Investing is done on the last trading day of each month at closing price.

3. Fees are charged according to non-promotional rates as stated in the FAQs.

4. Fees are charged on investment capital used in buying the shares.

5. Dividends are recorded on 'Record Date.' 

(A fee is charged on the dividend received using POEMS ShareBuilder Plan, thus the dividend received is lower compared to the banks’ accounts.)





Why use STI ETF?

STI ETF has been around for a longer time (11 April 2002 - amended-) than Nikko AM STI ETF (24 Feb 2009). 

At inception on STI ETF, STI at 3344.53 was nearer to the all-time high of 3889.68 than STI’s value at Nikko’s inception date. 

Thus, STI ETF will give a lower and more conservative long-term return as investing starts near the peak as compared to investing in Nikko which started near the bottom of the recession.

Why last trading day of the month?

I don’t think there is much difference over the long-run with regard to the day in which to invest. 

Last trading day is just my preference.

Fees as charged?

Dividends are recorded on the Record Date as that is the date when your shareholding is confirmed by the manager. 

Since my purchases are at the close price, when the Record Date coincides with my purchase date, the dividends received are based on the pre-purchase number of shares.

I used Internal rate of return (XIRR function), which gives a more holistic measure of the true annual return as opposed to Compounded Annual Growth Rate (CAGR), which does not account for capital injection after the initial investment.





What you need to do is input your desired monthly investment amount and you will be able to see the total return and XIRR since 10 Jan 2008. 

On top of that, you can also compare the returns across the 3 different regular investment plans by looking at the "Overview" section of the first worksheet.

As mentoned, 10 Jan 2008 is near the all-time high for STI, so the simulation can show how the investment plan would perform when u buy near the peak of the bull cycle. 

Since we are near the 2007 peak, we can justify that the performance shown is close to what one would get for an entire economic cycle of bull and bear (similar to the peak-to-peak or trough-to-trough of a wave signifying one full cycle of the wave).





I feel that this is as close as we can get to determine the potential of the investment plans through an entire economic cycle (though the current bull market has yet to become a full fletched bear).

Please note that past performance DOES NOT guarantee future results.






Related post:
Tea with Matthew Seah: POSB Invest-Saver Account.

Tea with Matthew Seah: POSB Invest-Saver Account.

POSB's newly launched Invest-Saver Account is a Regular Savings Plan that allows us to invest via a GIRO arrangement on a monthly basis.

No securities trading account or CDP account is required. 

All we need is a savings or current account with POSB.

It charges a flat fee of 1% per transaction.

For more information, go to:
POSB Invest-Save Account.
NEW LINK:  HERE.





My take? 

In a nutshell:

If we are putting aside between $100 to $500 a month, POSB Invest-Saver is a good choice.

If we are putting aside more than $500 a month, OCBC Blue Chip Investment Plan is a better choice.





See:
OCBC Blue Chip Investment Plan.

Interview with Matthew Seah (Part 2): Value Investing.

I prefer to have a more direct control over my money rather than letting a third party invest for me which usually results in subpar to market returns after fees are paid anyway.

So, although I invest in ETFs, I only invest in passive ETFs like S&P500 ETF and STI ETF where the returns are very similar to returns of the S&P500 and STI, respectively.

My investment approach when it comes to stocks is to pay attention to 3 Rs:

Right model
Right management
Right value

Investing in businesses which have all the 3 Rs has been very rewarding for me.

If you have guessed that I am a value investor, you are right.

Value Investing has been proven to be the best investing method, as can be seen with the phenomenal growth of Berkshire Hathaway, Warren Buffett's company.

Many people buy stocks after hearing good news about the stocks. They are just buying something which is selling at a higher price in the hope of selling it later at an even higher price, which doesn't make sense to me.




Value Investing is like shopping for stocks on sale. It would be more logical to buy stocks when they are at a discount and not when they have become pricier. This is about buying something at a price lower than its intrinsic value.

Another thing which is important to remember is to invest in companies which have some kind of competitive advantage over their peers. These companies tend to have a larger market share, and are more profitable in the long run. Therefore, they are likely to continue growing in years to come.

For someone who is new to investing, I would suggest being more cautious. What do I mean?

I tested some strategies through paper trading prior to real investing. When I started paper trading, I was more emotional and often closed my trades too early. Now, I hold on to my investments for a much longer period which has proven to be more profitable than short term trading.

Being stronger financially now also means that I am able to weather larger drawdowns to my investment portfolio without feeling too emotional. 

I will end by sharing this quotation:

"Your goal as an investor should simply be to purchase, at a rational price, a part interest in an easily-understandable business whose earnings are virtually certain to be materially higher five, ten and twenty years from now." Warren Buffett

Related posts:
1. Warren Buffett: The greatest money maker.
2. Getting started in investing and trading.
3. Interview with Matthew Seah (Part 1): Financial Freedom.

Interview with Matthew Seah (Part 1): Financial Freedom.

I learned from Robert Kiyosaki that in order to gain financial freedom, we have to be free of debt, able to provide for ourselves and to prepare for a future without having to work for money. 

Many people always find themselves short of cash at the end of each month and it is difficult for them to save any money.

To avoid this problem, I pay myself first by saving a portion of my income before spending any money. At the end of the month, if there is any spending money left, it will add to my savings.

Being prudent with money is something I strongly believe in since young as my mother always advocates the virtues of saving money. My Edusave bursaries and scholarships during my school days all went into my savings account.

Now, I have several accounts and not just one. They are:

Account 1: Emergency fund.

This is money which can support my current lifestyle for at least a year in case something untoward should happen.

Account 2: Opportunity fund.

This is money to take advantage of any investment opportunities in a market crisis.

Account 3: Investment fund.

This is money available to invest on a regular basis. To reduce commission and fees as a percentage of a transaction, I tend to invest only after accumulating more than $9,000 in the investment fund.

Account 4: Gifting fund.

This is money set aside for buying gifts, donating to charities and making offerings.

Account 5: Excitement fund.

This is money put aside for holidays.

As passive income from my investments increases, I will be able to set aside more of my total income for investments. One day, when my investments are able to generate the desired level of passive income, I will set aside 90% for charitable causes, keeping only 10% for my own expenses. This is my goal.

So, how should young people go about increasing our wealth to reach the goal of financial freedom?

We need to seek the right financial education or get a mentor who has walked the path with good results since financial education is not available in school.

If young people have a low level of financial literacy, there is a good chance that their families do too. Therefore, they should not seek financial advice from their family members. Actually, it is not uncommon to meet people who think that investing in stocks is synonymous with gambling. This is due to a low level of financial literacy.

Investing in stocks is like being in partnerships with businessmen. Instead of starting our own businesses and hoping to succeed, we can shorten the time to success by being partners with successful entrepreneurs at the helm and stand to share the profits from their success.

Time is the most valuable resource that any person has in investing because wealth from investing grows by compounding. So, young people have a distinct advantage. Start young.

Related posts:
1. Robert Kiyosaki: 2 are better than 1.
2. Teaching young children financial literacy.
3. Interview with Matthew Seah (Part 2): Value Investing.